PHARMACOLOGY FURTHER E-NEWSLETTER
April-May '24
Is Pharmacology Difficult®️
APRIL-MAY FDA APPROVED DRUGS :
Ceftobipirole-Medocaril (Zevtera) Injection was approved on April 3 ‘24 for the treatment of Bacteremia, skin and structure infection and pneumonia.
Hydroxyurea (Xromi) Oral solution was approved on April 4 ’24 for the paediatric patients aged 6 months to less than 2 years age group kids suffering from sickle cell anaemia. It helps in reduction of painful crisis and also the need off frequent blood transfusion is reduced.
Ustekinumab-aekn (Selarsdi) injection was approved on April 16 ‘24 for the treatment of plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. The meachanism involved is the antagonism of Human interleukin-12 and 23, biosimilar to Stelara.
Pegulicianine (Lumisight) Injection was approved on April 17 ‘24. It is an optical imaging agent which is used to enlighten/ brighten up the left over cancer tissue post surgery of breast carcinoma.
Nogapendekin alfa inbakicept-pmln (Anktiva) was approved on Aprill 22 ‘24 for the cure of non muscle invasive bladder carcinoma which does not respond to BCG. Mechanism and dosing involves use in combination with BCG vaccine. It is first-in-class interleukin-15 superagonist.
Tovorafenib (Ojemda) tablets and oral suspension were approved on April 23 ‘24 for the cure of low grade glioma. Mechanism of Action involved is type 2 pan-RAF kinase inhibitor for the treatment of paediatric low grade glioma
Pivmecillinam (Pivya) Tablets were approved on April 24 ‘24 for the cure of Urinary Tract Infections. mechanism of action involved is that this drug is a Penicillin class Antibacterial for the use in Urinary Tract Infections.
Fidanacogene Elaparvovec-dzkt (Beqvez) Injection was approved on April 26 ‘24 for the cure of Haemophilia B. It is an adeno-associated virus vector-based gene therapy employed in adults suffering from Moderate to severe Haemophilia B.
Mavorixafor (Xolremdi) Capsules were approved on April 26 ‘24 for the treatment of WHIM Syndrome. It is CXC Chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) antagonist for use in children from 12 years of age to adults suffering from WHIM Syndrome (Warts, hypogammaglobulinemia, immunodeficiency, myelokathexis) and helps to enhance the number of mature neutrophils and lymphocytes.
Diazepam (Libervant) Buccal film dosage form was approved on April 26 ‘24 for the treatment of seizure clusters in kids age group 2 to 5
Mycophenolate mofetil (Myhibbin) oral suspension was approved on May 1’24 to be used as an antimetabolite immunosuppressant in prophylaxis of organ rejection.
Tarlatamab-dlle (Imdelltra) Injection was approved on May 16 ‘24 for the cure of Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) accompanied with disease progression or after platinum based chemotherapy. Mechanism of action involved is first-in-class bispecific delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3)-directed CD3 T Cell Engager.
Aflibercept-yszy (Opuviz) Injection was approved on May 20 ‘24 for the cure of neovascular (wet) age-related macular degeneration, macular edema resulting from retinal vein occlusion, diabetic pathologies like macular edema and retinopathy. Mechanism of action involved is VEGF (Vascular Endothelial Growth factor) inhibition.
Eculizumab-aeeb (Bkemv) injection was approved on May 28 ‘24 for the cure of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria and atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome. Mechanism of action involved is complement inhibition.
Clonidine hydrochloride (Onyda XR) Extended Release suspension was approved on May 24 ‘24 for the cure of ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children 6 years and older.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine, mRNA (mRESVIA) Injection was approved on May 31 ‘24 for the protection of 60 years and older adults from lower respiratory tract RSV Infection. It is a modified mRNA vaccine.
LATEST MEDICAL UPDATES:
Latest research:
Latest research has proved that females suffering from PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) suffer from accompanied food eating disorder like bulimia nervosa, binge eating and disordered eating.
New researches suggest that there is no association of dementia progression with chronic consumption of sedatives like Benzodiazepines, though certain level of brain tissue shrinkage was reported in MRI Scans of tested individuals.
Current research suggests that people having Borderline Personality disorder (BPD) which is in itself a mental condition tend to be inclined towards Substance Use Disorder (SUD) too! As these people tend to suffer from inferiority complexes and negative self image. Such people easily get involved with Alcohol, drugs and medications.
FROM MY CLASSROOM:
Here I will be sharing some insights of Pharmacology learnings from the classes I have taken this month or all that I have read in the subject.
My own reading topic comprises of H.Pylori Infection and its treatment:
H Pylori is a bacteria which infects stomach and upper gut region and causes sores and inflammation. chronically it may turn upto stomach cancers too.
There are different ways in which H Pylori enters our body like dirty water, food, utensils, mouth to mouth contact, vomit, etc. After entering, it multiplies and makes stomach lining weak. H Pylori infection is contagious also.
Generally kids get infected easily though adults may too get infected. Most common risk factors are: Crowded places, dirty water and sewer service, developing nations.
Signs and Symptoms include: dull/burning pain in belly which worsens on empty stomach and may be relieved on drinking milk or taking antacid, etc. Other signs and symptoms are bloating, burping, nausea, vomiting, weight loss, loss of appetite. Stool looks normal, it may be dark, black, tarry or may contain blood in severe cases.
Emergency cases may be when poop is black, breathing is difficult, stomach or belly pain, vomiting is present, pale skin, dizziness or fainting.
Diagnosis for H Pylori involves Stool Antigen test, Stool PCR Test, Urea breath tests, GIT Endoscopy, Upper GI Tests, CT Scan.
Treatment is manifold: Triple Therapy (PPIs with two Antibiotics) is first line mainstay treatment.
Choice of Antibiotics involve Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, Metronidazole, Tinidazole, Tetracycline.etc
PPIs are Proton pump Inhibitors which reduce acid in stomach by blocking acid pumps - H K ATPase pumps. The drugs are Esomeprazole, Lansoprazole, Omeprazole, Pantoprazole, Rabeprazole, etc.
H2 Blockers block the Histamine receptors involved in acid production. Drugs are Ranitidine, Nizatidine.
Bismuth Subsalicylate further protects stomach by forming a protective covering
Rifabutin based triple therapy includes two antibiotics - Amoxicillin, Rifabutin and Omeprazole. It is available as a single pill under brand name Talicia. it was approved by FDA in 2019. It is taken every 8 hours for 14 days.
Never take NSAIDs like Aspirin, Ibuprofen, etc for stomach ache as they may pose further damage to stomach lining.
Problem begins with stomach pain, gastritis and may further complicate to peptic ulcer, hole in stomach wall, bleeding, etc
Preventive measures should always be on the go.. like washing hands thoroughly after using washrooms, eating, outdoor visiting, playing, etc. Avoid unclean and semi cooked or uncooked food and water and food from unknown places, vendors, etc,
Follow up to the mark and well sanitation and hygiene practices and habits. Take diet rich in fresh fruits and veggies and nuts and seeds. Avoid processed foods, canned foods, sugary, salty foods and foods rich in carbohydrates, meat etc. Vitamin C, Polyphenols etc help in maintaining the stomach lining intact and strong.
Radgin Wiz®️
From Radgin Wiz Writing desk:
This time from my desk, I convey a simple positive note, —-
“Not writing doesn’t mean not loving to write. Circumstances may be tough, but you are tougher, Keep your eyes focussed on the project or goal and strike hard whenever you can and break the ice. Start bland, don’t worry, story will take its twists and turns, things gonna automatically be filled with spice!! Plan-act-revise!!!”
SIMPLE AND SPARKLING:
Kickstart and boost energy with LEMONS/LEMON WATER
Lemons are rich. in Vitamin C, Antioxidants
Lemons promote weight loss and are excellent for maintaining hydration.
It is a great alternative to harmful sugary drinks
Heart diseases, Kidney disease and other diseases like obesity, diabetes etc are all benefitted with lemon water. It increases immunity.
Kidney stones are prevented with Citric acid found in lemon water
Digestion is aided with lemon water
Lemon water can be easily prepared by squeezing lemon in water. 2 full glasses are quite safe daily
Certain medications metabolism is slightly affected by lime water like Triazolam, Lovastatin, Ketoconazole, etc
Lemon water helps in liver health by helping in producing bile.
Sensitive individuals may experience certain problems with lemon water like tooth decay, stomach upset and pain, ulcer aggravation, GERD, Acid reflux, frequent urination, worsening of canker sores, increased risk of migraine, sunburn and cancer.
Disclaimer: These opinions and talks are from best reputable sources, in no way may be taken as advice/medicine. For any personal problem, physician should be consulted.
Off the Cuff Talks:
This time in “OFF THE CUFF TALKS”, I discuss the importance of cleaning schedule and few tips to go by it and improve upon it :)
One should develop and maintain a home/room cleaning routine that works for him/her the best. Not only your room/home will be clean , but your other chores/work will also stay uncluttered and on track.
A clean surrounding boosts positive energy, creative ideas, healthy and hygienic environment and reduces stress.
Daily cleaning routine builds up accountability, efficiency, cost-effectiveness and enhances productivity, clarity and reputation of one’s own self.
Happiness index is directly proportional to clean and untangled environment
Clogged, cluttered and disorganisation builds up sorrow, confusion, ambiguity, imperfection and inaccuracy in other daily chores/goals/projects
Initially creating a chart/ calendar/ scheduling a time routine, etc will be great ideas to begin with
Hiring a professional cleaning service can be useful and beneficial in unmanaged, extreme cases.
Maintain a checklist, so that nothing is forgotten or ignored. Every corner should be covered and be spick and span!!
Lastly, daily investing time in this routine will improve upon it. Practise makes a man perfect!!
Well, That’s all from my end in this Lovely April-May Combo Issue. Hope it satisfies your quest for information and medical updates and News. Next “June-July” Combo Issue is on its way….
PLEASE SPREAD THE WORD AND SUBSCRIBE!!
IT IS A MOTIVATION TO MY EFFORTS…..:))